Schematically, two types of coordination rules apply and coexist depending on when they were implemented:
In terms of social protection (under the "Withdrawal Agreement (1) ") :
As the transitional period ended on the 31 of December 2021, employees in international professional mobility benefit from the continuation of the European social security regulations (2) on the condition that they continue to be "without interruption" in a situation that began before the end of the transitional period (3) . Their A1 posting certificates remain valid until their expiry date if their situation is unchanged.
In terms of social law:
Any British employee posted to France before January,1rst of 2021 may continue to be posted until the date of the end of the assignment. This posting (which may have started before or during the transitional period) is carried out in compliance with French national law, i.e. administrative formalities (SIPSI prior to work notifications), labour law and applicable collective agreements (the so-called "core set” of rules).
The review of the contractual scheme (e.g. posting agreement between the two companies, the home and the host company, employment contract, secondment assignment letter) must allow for the updating of certain contractual clauses to take account of Brexit.
In terms of immigration:
British nationals had to apply for a residence permit bearing the mention "Agreement on the Withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union (4) " on a website specially dedicated to the submission of such applications. This website has been closed since October 4th, 2021. Only the module relating to the submission of additional documents that may be requested by the prefectures investigating departments is still accessible.
Since October 5th 2021, persons still eligible for the withdrawal agreement must contact the Prefectures (French administration in charge of the files) to submit their applications. The following are concerned:
• British people reaching the age of majority
• family members arriving in France
• British nationals who were unable to apply previously for legitimate reasons (health reasons, force majeure, etc.)
Although the Brexit has put an end to the "free movement of workers", certain principles remain.
In terms of social protection ( Under the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (5) ):
To determine the applicable legislation, the withdrawal agreement is still based on the "unicity" principle (6) , but it comes out weaker, with some coordination of social benefits missing. (e.g. family allowances and long-term care benefits, limited export of unemployment and disability benefits if the person is no longer covered by EU regulations).
Thus, these posted employees, covered by the Withdrawal Agreement, must have an A1 posting certificate, with a validity date, in principle for a 24-month duration. If you are an employer, since January 2022, you must use the online service (ILASS - Instruction de la Législation Applicable à la Sécurité Sociale) of the Centre National de Gestion (CNG) of International Mobility, which allows you to automate the instruction and issuance of the A1 form for your employee on mobility abroad.
This provision would not apply to seconded employees whose activity is carried out in two or more countries (pluri-activity).
It should also be noted that the requirement of a minimum period of affiliation to the scheme of the sending State of 1 month prior to a secondment does not appear in the texts linking the EU and the United Kingdom.
In terms of social law:
British employees posted to France (before, during or after the end of the transition period) are subject to French legislation on the posting of workers, in particular administrative formalities such as posting declarations, labour law, as well as the applicable collective agreements (known as the " core set of rules ") are applicable to them beyond the transition period.
Before any posting, it is also important to ensure that the contractual framework (e.g. posting agreement between the home and host companies, employment contract, posting work contract addendum) is in conformity with British and French law.
In terms of immigration:
British nationals are required to hold a residence permit from 1 January 2022. After this date, people who have not received their residence permit will be able to continue to reside legally in France and benefit from the rights attached to their status (residence, work, social rights) as long as they are able to present the registration certificate for the submission of their application for a residence permit online or a receipt for the application for a residence permit issued by the prefecture in the context of the withdrawal agreement.
On the other hand, British nationals who are not covered by the Withdrawal Agreement (i.e. if they do not have a family relationship with a British national already established in France on 1 January 2021) and who wish to settle in France after 1 January 2021 are subject to the provisions of ordinary law: they must apply for a long-stay visa from the French consular services in the United Kingdom, which will enable them to obtain a residence permit from the prefecture.
For employees posted to France under the international service provision scheme: not only are they subject to the visa rules (exemption for stays of less than 90 days, but a long-stay visa is required for assignments of more than 90 days), but they must first request a work permit from the French Work authorities (DREETS). Indeed, the exemption of a short-stay visa is not accompanied by an exemption of a work permit...
You will have understood that complying with social law and social protection law is not enough! It is necessary to ensure that the new measures taken about the right of residence and work permits are respected!
Ultimately, this combination of the different areas of law, social protection, social and immigration law requires a technical assessment of each secondment or expatriation in order to ensure not only that it complies with these two laws, which are liable to administrative and criminal sanctions in the event of infringement, but also to assess the consequences in terms of social benefits for the persons concerned.
Our Experts are at your disposal to help you with your procedures in France and in the United Kingdom.
1. Agreement known as the "Withdrawal Agreement" N°2019/C 384 I/01 of 17/10/2019 on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the EU and the European Atomic Energy Community. These mobile employees benefit from transitional mechanisms that maintain the application of Regulation 883/2004.
2. Regulations (EC) 883/2004 and 987/2008
3. Article 30, Withdrawal Agreement " N°2019/C 384 I/01 of 17/10/2019
4. "Accord de retrait du Royaume-Uni de l’Union Européenne"
5. Trade and Cooperation Agreement of 30 December 2020, provisionally applied from 1 January 2021 and entered into force on 1 May 2021
6. Principle laid down by the European Regulation of 2004 n° 883/2004